banana dna extraction lab report conclusion

It would take about 300,000 DNA molecules side by side to make a bundle as thick as a human hair. Let us help you get a good grade on your paper. /Title () and animals have DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). * Pragya Khanna. ?>, Order original essay sample specially for your assignment needs, https://phdessay.com/extracting-dna-from-bananas/, A Passion for DNA: Genes, Genomes, and Society, A role for transportin in the nuclear import of Adenovirus core proteins and dna, get custom The remaining two bases, cytosine and thymine, are known as pyrimidines. number: 206095338, E-mail us: endstream endobj 136 0 obj <>/Metadata 6 0 R/PieceInfo<>>>/Pages 5 0 R/PageLayout/OneColumn/StructTreeRoot 8 0 R/Type/Catalog/Lang( E N - U S)/LastModified(D:20081007164008)/PageLabels 3 0 R>> endobj 137 0 obj <>/ColorSpace<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/ExtGState<>>>/Type/Page>> endobj 138 0 obj <> endobj 139 0 obj <> endobj 140 0 obj <> endobj 141 0 obj [/ICCBased 153 0 R] endobj 142 0 obj <>stream Explain what procedures are required to release DNA from a plant cell . Video of this experiment can be found here: DN #s !ou"% #" the ce$$s o! * To understand how a buffer solutions disrupts the plasma membrane and releasing cellular components into the solution. % DNA extraction is a method to purify DNA by using physical and/or chemical methods from a sample separating DNA from cell membranes, proteins, and other cellular components. Descr#be the appeara"ce o! During the DNA extraction, the soap pulls apart the fats (lipids) and proteins that make up the membranes surrounding the cell and nucleus. Strawberry DNA Extraction - the University of Queensland, How to Extract DNA from a Banana - Regina Bailey. Lastly, when good results were obtained, there was enough DNA to spool onto a rod or a plastic loop. DNA Extraction Lab Begin by watching the Video of a Strawberry DNA extraction, also available in the module, and think about how DNA extraction is possible. /Height 155 ?>. Well, not entirely. Question 16 options: All of the above Improve crop production Improve disease resistance Generate new, 1 ________ is seen when ABCDEFGHI becomes ABCFEDGHI. DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid, which is a nucleic acid that contains the sugar deoxyribose. ma)e up the membra"es surrou"%#"g the ce$$ a"% "uc$eus. The order in which the procedure is stated is very important because the cells must first be broken down in order to release the DNA to be seen. When you are done, take a closer look at the stuff on the stirrer. 0000003809 00000 n You may see some bubbles and cloudy material moving around in the alcohol. You are looking at DNA! 0000008815 00000 n And because the DNA doesnt dissolve in alcohol, this substance helps the DNA clump together in a separate layer. essay, Genome Patterns of Common DNA Variations in Three Human Populations, Strawberry DNA Extraction Lab Formal Write Up, Next Generation DNA Sequencing Technologies Biology Essay, Write It holds the instructions necessary for the organism to grow and function, and is passed on from generation to generation through heredity. PhDessay is an educational resource where over 1,000,000 free essays are The salt contributes positively charged atoms that neutralise the normal negative charge of DNA. Mashing the banana exposes a greater surface area from which to extract the DNA. However, it is nice because the students get to see and hold in their hand the substance they have been studying that seems so abstract and hard to believe it even exists. Place the coffee filter in a clear glass cup, securing the top of the filter around the lip of the cup. 0000003969 00000 n 0000040688 00000 n This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Within every living organism, most cells contain a complete set of DNA instructions. 3. For molecular research, the quality and integrity of DNA obtained will affect the reliability of subsequent results. 0000001339 00000 n Of those 60 percent, the proteins encoded by them are roughly 40 percent identical when we compare the amino acid sequence of the human protein to its equivalent in the banana, Brody adds. DNA can be extracted and observed. 2 What are the benefits of extracting DNA? Potential of independent assortment in meiosis I C. They reside on different chromosomes D. One gene often. 0. g of salt was added into flask SS. Publisher: Arizona State University School of Life Sciences Ask A Biologist. What do we have in common with the banana plant? Three examples of why scientists might need to indentify DNA are for genetic testing, body identification, and analysis of forensic evidence. Then a plastic pipette was filled with the filtrate two times and added to the alcohol. ASU - Ask A Biologist, Web. The article Whole-Genome Patterns of Common DNA Variations in Three Human Populations provides detailed and examination of core individual differences in DNA sequences. ASU - Ask A Biologist. Approximately 3ml of banana solution were dispenced into each test tube. The four nitrogenous are A(adenine), G(guanine), T(thymine) and C(cytosine). Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. The salt will help the DNA stick together once it is out of the cells. However, it is nice because the students get to see and hold in their hand the substance they have been studying that seems so abstract and hard to believe it even exists. 0000002514 00000 n stream 5 What is DNA extraction and what is its purpose? 0000005524 00000 n Gene: a region of DNA that instructs the cell on how to build protein(s). /Pages 3 0 R << Throughout the entire experiment there were many possible ways that the ending result of the appearance of the DNA could have differed. Gentlymush the water and banana for 45 seconds. The bananas were mashed for about 5 minutes. The cells in a sample are separated from each other, often by a physical means such as grinding or vortexing, and put into a solution containing salt. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. The Mendelian Revolution: The Emergence of Hereditarian Concepts in Modern Science and Society. In . A water bath was prepared. <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/Annots[ 14 0 R 15 0 R 16 0 R 17 0 R 23 0 R] /MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> (60 oC) 2. Furthermore, analysis of forensic evidence is defined as the application of forensic science and technology to identify specific objects from the trace evidence they leave, often at a crime scene or the scene of an accident. DNA I have also made the conclusion that filter paper is a neccissity. 0000004435 00000 n The filtrate, or filtered solution from the bag, was then placed into a test tube. 135 0 obj <> endobj 2 0 obj This process was repeated for 4 times. Do you think the subject Chemistry is necessary or useful on your future career (in Industry, research, academe, engineering, etc.)? Presentation for the Living Faith Series, May 16, 2021 /Filter /DCTDecode What properties do bases have? Isopropyl rubbing alcohol allows me to see the DNA because when molecules are insoluble the clump together and become visible so the alcohol makes the DNA insoluble making it become visible. /Width 625 This complementarity between adenine and cytosine nitrogenuos base pairs and between guanine and cytosine nitrogenuos base pase pairs, attracted to one another by hydrogen bonds, is critical to genetic function. How are native to assess its use banana dna extraction lab report conclusion! The bananas were mushed carefully to avoid the bag from breaking. It was established in 1953 by James Watson and Francis Crick that the two strands of their proposed double helis are exact complements of one another, such that the rings of the ladder always consists of either A=T, or G=C base pairs. For the genes DNA to subsequently influence an inherited trait, the stored genetic information in the DNA in most cases is first transferred to a closely related nuclei acid, RNA or ribonucleic acid. Because DNA is in every cell, there is a lot of it in an organism. Equipment You will need the following: Two clear glasses/cups Sealable plastic bag Banana Blunt knife and teaspoon Plate/chopping board Measuring jug endobj All the methods employ agarose gel electrophoresis to separate the DNA molecules. D. student in bioinformatics at the University of Georgia. This DNA extraction is simple and works every time but the DNA is not pure. We will use common household products to break apart the cells in a banana and extract out the DNA. It is also essential for carrying out forensic science, sequencing genomes, detecting bacteria and viruses in the environment and for determining paternity. Let's think of three of the main itemswe added to the bananas. These engineerings have created ballyhoo among scientists since they enable inexpensive and faster. C q" You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. In this activity, you will extract and observe DNA from bananas. endobj First, the cell must be broken open to release the Banana and Strawberry image by Ralph Daily via Wikimedia Commons. Describe the limitations of traditional methods of Identifying bacteria. 1 ) Peel a banana and take about of it 2 ) In a ziplock bag , mash the banana until it is a liquid 3 ) Mix 20 m L of the extraction buffer with the banana liquid The goal of this lab is to extract the genetic material from an organism so that it can be seen with the naked eye . Extraction solution 'S' was added into ziplock 'Extraction 1' and extraxtion solution 'SS' into ziplock bad . The banana DNA was easy to see as it was a light pink/clear and it was chunky and had thick pieces when picked up with the skewer but it appeared shredded in the liquid. Banana bunchy top of your problem is a few minutes without seeds and reseeding of cookies before placing the parts of genomic distribution, but any spills. <> DNA provides a blueprint for an organisms growth and development. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin C . Retrieved March 2, 2023 from https://askabiologist.asu.edu/activities/banana-dna, Melissa Wilson Sayres. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. Motivation: Recent technological promotions in the field of genomics have resulted in Following Generation DNA Sequencing Technologies. /CA 1.0 The DNA kiwi extraction shows how simple it may be to extract DNA from a living organism which is very essential because DNA gives important information DNA. 4. The banana mixtures were cooled, the mushed again. p$ace #t #" a cappe% tube 0$$e% w#th a$coho$. Then eight millilitres of DNA buffer was then added to the pure. The probable reason for the tinted brown shade in the human epithelial DNA and not the strawberry DNA is that human epithelial DNA is extracted from one's mouth in which. 1. 10 What do we have in common with the banana plant? Step 1: Chop up the banana. You don't want the mixture to become too foamy. To extract DNA for this activity, it is best to use mushy fruit. For more info, see, https://askabiologist.asu.edu/activities/banana-dna, Public Service and 0000000016 00000 n A very simple and inexpensive method for high-throughput DNA extraction from animal tissues has been developed. 10 minutes with: Explore how the human body functions as one unit in harmony in order to life //= $post_title Look over some of the links provided and develop a hypothesis and design an experiment that will allow you to perform your own DNA extraction. This could be a problem if two bacteria looked similar because they could easily. The two strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between adenine and thymine and between guanine and cytosine. Genes, along with other parts of our DNA that turn genes on and off, hold information for how our body develops and functions. >> Some additional protocols for DNA extractions: Sex Influenced Female Dominant Inheritance, beakers 100ml and 2x250ml (or jars that same size), liquid dishwashing detergent (clear solution works better than cloudy), Make a 10% solution of dishwashing detergent in one of your 250ml beakers (make enough to fill the mortar half way), Add the 10% detergent solution to cover the fruit, Grind the banana in the soap solution until there are no lumps (this is the hardest part, have the students take turns), Fasten a coffee filter to the 250 ml beaker with a rubber band so there is room for the fruit to be poured into the filter, Pour the fruit and soap mixture into the filter and place in a cold place to filter, Clean up your lab area while you are waiting for the filtering to complete, Remove the filter and throw away the contents, Pour enough of the liquid into a test tube to fill it 2 cm high, Add twice the volume of 95% ethanol (try to layer the alcohol on top by gently pouring it down the side of the test tube), The DNA will precipitate in the boundary between the alcohol and the banana mixture as a cloudy mass. 1 1 . We manage to learn basic DNA extraction processes. The solution had to be blended for 15 to 20 seconds, until it became a dense mixture. Figure 1. The solution then sat for two to three minutes without a single disruption such as shaking the test tube. extract dna from a banana thoughtco, lab report 6 bacterial dna extraction ibg1022018, maya g biology human dna extraction lab conclusion, dna lab report 1345 words bartleby, doc dna extraction of strawberry and banana jefferson, find the dna in a banana scientific american, conclusion dna extraction conclusion the purpose of this, dna . the so$ut#o" whe" the a$coho$, #s a%%e%. Materials for each group of students: ASU - Ask A Biologist. conclusion-of-banana-dna-extraction-lab-pdf 2/5 Downloaded from thesource2.metro.net on February 15, 2023 by guest products. What You Need Banana Salt Warm water Liquid soap Blender Toothpicks Strainer Glass jar Rubbing alcohol Knife Here's How An academic unit ofThe College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, You may need to edit author's name to meet the style formats, which are in most cases "Last name, First name. We use cookies to give you the best experience possible. support@phdessay.com. Approximately 2ml of cold 95% ethanol was added into each test tube. 0000011509 00000 n The solution was stirred well and slowly. The salt was dissolved by stirring slowly to avoid foaming. We even have genes in common with the banana plant! 0tx AA~/''8szs' / J~tG x #. 20 mL DNA extraction buffer (15 g NaCl/ 1 L water) 1 mL liquid dishwashing detergent Ice -cold 95% ethanol or 95% isopropyl alcohol 1/3 banana . How do I choose between my boyfriend and my best friend? 5) . Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. What is the formula for calculating solute potential? Complementarity serves as the basis for both the replication of DNA and for the transcription of DNA into RNA. Then the bananas were mushed more. Cells reproduce in part by passing deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from parent cells to offspring cells. A test tube of cold alcohol was then obtained. Spin the stirrer it in place to start gathering the cloudy stuff. (Remove the skin of the bananas and kiwi, we just want the insides!) Some of the protein is still present. ->!W[wde@ =:| 8 :>ijzKO g9 "Seeing DNA". $#*u#, bamboo s)ewer +a tw#r$#"g mot#o" wor)s best. 9 How does detergent help to break down DNA? Genetic testing can best be defined as a process in which an individuals DNA is isolated and tested for the presence of specific genes or defects that could indicate the future onset of some disease. } !1AQa"q2#BR$3br However, it is nice because the students get to see and hold in their hand the substance they have been studying that seems so abstract and hard to believe it even exists. DNA is a component of living and once-living things. Although concentrations were low, clear bands were still obtained from the amplifications. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. Variants of genes, called alleles, are responsible for differences in hair color, eye color, and earlobe shape. The nanodrop system revealed that at an absorption of 260 wavelengths, the DNA measured 7.49 using a 374.66 ng/ul sample. The filtration step (pouring the mixture through the strainer) allows for the collection of the DNA and other cellular substances. 2 Mar 2023. https://askabiologist.asu.edu/activities/banana-dna. Lastly, All Papers Are For Research And Reference Purposes Only. Materials: Extracting DNA from Bananas student handout 1 large banana 3/4 cups distilled . This DNA extraction is simple and works every time but the DNA is not pure. We understood how a buffer solutions disrupts the plasma membrane and releasing cellular components into the solution. 20 milliliters (four teaspoons) of distilled water was then added to the mixture. Because DNA exists inside of cell and ultimately inside of the nucleus proteins must be denatured to locate the DNA. Each living organism has its own unique DNA sequence. The liquid soap is added to help break down cell membranes to release the DNA. /Subtype /Image Why or why not? 0000002685 00000 n The nuclei acid DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid serves as the genetic material in all living organisms as well as in most viruses. DNA molecules are long, slender molecules that carry the heritable information of organisms on to future generations. The test tube solution. >> You may understand that mashing a banana can break cells apart and help break apart cell walls, but why was all that other stuff added? 0000040917 00000 n DNA extraction The concentrations of the extracted DNA was measured using the NanoPhotometer,UV/Vis spectrophotometer (Implen, munich, Germany) and the average concentration for 12 samples was 0.045g/l. Banana DNA Extraction Lab Name: _____ Objectives: Describe where DNA is located in a plant cell. Avery and the other scientists discovered that DNA is the nucleic acid that stores and transmits the genetic information from one generation of an organism to the next. A probable reason for this This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. /Length 8 0 R Lea being the main narrator, sat up on her knees, Inviting the audience In to listen and seemed more comforting and engaged, whereas Phil communicated with the audience with the. Try to avoid making too much foam. 0000044903 00000 n cookie policy. MATERIALS AND APPARATUS PER CLASS * (60-70 oC) Water bath * 95% Ethanol * Extraction solution * Cheesecloth Ice chest containing ice PER GROUP * 40g Banana * 2 ziplock bags (Label Extraction 1 and Extraction 2) * 2 funnels * 2 test tubes * 50ml conical tube (2 pieces) * 500ml beaker (2 pieces) * Glass Rod (2 pieces) * Shampoo 4ml * Distilled water 40ml * Table Salt (NaOH) 0. Order custom essay Extracting Dna from Bananas Breaking cells open to release the DNA. Free Samples and Examples of Essays, Homeworks and any Papers, Filed Under: Essays Tagged With: Genetics. Thus, DNA is present in all living organisms. We do in fact share about 50% of our genes with plants including bananas. Bananas have 44.1% of genetic makeup in common with humans. Humans share 50% of our DNA with a banana.. REFERENCES: BOOKS: * Neil A. Campbell, Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson, Biology (8th Ed), Pearson International Edition: Pearson, Benjamin Cummings. The white DNA could be seen precipitating out of the alcohol layer. DNA is a component of living and once-living things. 1. 3) And how did we get inside the cells and get the DNA to stick together? 8. 5. 2 0 obj every $#v#"g orga"#sm. Even though the procedures vary considerably, they involve three main steps: lysis of cell wall, cell membrane and nuclear membrane, isolation of DNA from other cell inclusions, and purification of the extracted DNA. Traditional methods include judging by phenotypes characteristics. /ca 1.0 0 Stir gently trying to avoid making too many bubbles in the mixture. * To observe the extraction of genomic DNA from plant cells. The DNA precipitates out of the solution when the alcohol is added. The test tubes were then observed. $4%&'()*56789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz ? Then alcohol added to the solution causes the DNA to precipitate out. Once these membranes are broken apart, the DNA is released from the cell. Then the salt and shampoo had to be dissolved into the mixture by stirring slowly by avoiding foaming. And because DNA doesn't dissolve in alcohol, this substance helps DNA to cluster into a separate layer. With When the size of the sample nearly tripled at 939.46 ng/ul for the RNA reading, the measurements at both the 260 and 280 wavelength . For example, scientists can identity genetic cell membranes if the cell wall guards the cell, DNA extraction, a detergent will cause the cell to pop open, or lyse, so that the DNA is released into solution. Materials: Half a peeled banana distilled water plastic sealable bag or beaker plastic cup shampoo or dishwashing liquid table salt Each strand is made up of a chain of nucleotides. /Type /XObject Remove and discard the used coffee filter. 0000001999 00000 n We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. * To properly and successfully extract DNA from banana using cell disruption and separation techniques. JFIF d d C My averages of all three fruits range from a difference compared to the other fruit of 1.67, 0.33 and 2. The enzymes in softens the phospholipids in the cell membrane and denatures the DNAse Test 2 Amount of DNA extracted Figure 1. (c) Or, slowly pour the alcohol down the inside of the test tube with a pasteur pipette or medicine dropper. For DNA polymerase to begin replication, the primer used in Sanger sequencing A.can have any nucleotide sequence B.will have a complementary sequence to the 3 end C.will have a. Possible Materials and Equipment Measuring cup . The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". 9>U0c4S7FK9>>Ns^|t_g7]}|qwwQvvpaZEU2pOUAK2wb)m-]v| you to an academic expert within 3 minutes. /AIS false DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd, 80% found this document useful, Mark this document as useful, 20% found this document not useful, Mark this document as not useful, Save extracting dna from a banana experiment For Later. The salt enables the DNA strands to come together, or aggregate.